FOOT NOTES

a.

Parolee is used to describe individuals who have been granted Humanitarian Parole status.

b.

Humanitarian Parole is a status granted by USCIS that allows an individual to be in the U.S. for a temporary period due to urgent humanitarian reasons; the individuals must have a petitioner in the U.S. who applies on their behalf and supports them once they arrive.

c.

Daniel Runde, “The Case for Expediting Special Immigrant Visas amid a Transition of Power in Under U.S. immigration law, immediate family members are defined as parents, spouses and unmarried children under the age of 21 years.

d.

Bonds are the payment that must be secured for the release of a detained immigrant from federal authorities.

e.

The Legal Information Institute at Cornell defines mandamus as: an order from a court to an inferior government official ordering the government official to properly fulfill their official duties or correct an abuse of discretion.

f.

An I-130 is an application through which a U.S. citizen or LPR can petition for their family members abroad to legally join them in the U.S.

g.

Jummah refers to the congregational prayer on Fridays during the dhuhr (midday) prayer time, and it is obligatory for adult men to attend.

h.

Affidavits are statements that are sworn to be true under law and should be treated as legal testimony.

i.

Umrah is a minor pilgrimage to Mecca, as opposed to the mandatory pilgrimage Hajj.

j.

The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the law firm of Hadsell Stormer Renick & Dai LL

k.

An Islamic religious leader.

l.

”Hijab” is the Arabic term for ”barrier,” and is used to describe the hair coverings and headwear worn by some Muslim women.